C-shaped steel
Both are processed by hot bending and cold bending, and are automatically processed by C-shaped steel forming machine.
Thin wall, light weight, excellent cross-sectional performance, high strength, compared with traditional channel steel, the same strength can save 30% of the material.
C-shaped steel purlins are divided into five specifications of 80, 100, 120, 140 and 160 according to different heights. The length can be determined according to engineering design, but considering the conditions of transportation and installation, the total length is generally not more than 12 meters.
C-shaped steel is widely used in purlins, wall beams of steel structures, and can also be combined into lightweight roof trusses, brackets and other building components. In addition, it can also be used for columns, beams and arms in the manufacture of mechanical light industry.
Floor Deck
It is also called steel bearing plate and building profiled steel plate. It is formed by galvanized steel plate formed by cold rolling. Its cross section is V-shaped, U-shaped, trapezoidal or similar. It is mainly used as a permanent formwork. Selected for other uses.
In the use stage, the floor slab is used as the tensile reinforcement of the concrete floor, which also improves the rigidity of the floor and saves the amount of steel and concrete.
The surface embossing of the profiled plate makes the floor slab and concrete have the largest binding force, so that the two form a whole, with stiffeners, so that the floor slab system has high strength.
Profiled steel plate composite board (floor bearing plate, steel bearing plate) is a very reasonable structural form, which can fully utilize the advantages of steel tensile strength and concrete compression performance according to the location and characteristics of its component parts , And has good seismic performance, construction performance. This structure is currently widely used in many high-rise buildings at home and abroad.
Comparison between floor slab and ordinary reinforced concrete floor slab
1. The floor slab can be used as a permanent template for cast-in-place concrete, eliminating the need to install and remove the formwork during construction;
2. After the floor support plate is installed, it can be used as a construction platform, and because it does not need to use temporary support, it will not affect the work of the construction floor of the next floor;
3. The floor slab can be used as the bottom rib of the floor slab, reducing the workload of installing the plate rib;
4. According to the different interface shapes of the profiled board, the amount of floor concrete can be reduced by up to 30%, reducing the weight of the floor and reducing the size of the beam, column and foundation accordingly, improving the overall performance of the structure;
I-shaped steel
The steel beam is a long steel bar with an I-shaped cross section. Its specifications are expressed in millimeters of waist height (h) * leg width (b) * waist thickness (d), such as "work 160 * 88 * 6", which means that the waist height is 160 mm, the leg width is 88 mm, and the waist thickness is 6 mm. I-shaped steel. There are three types of I-beams: ordinary I-beam, light I-beam and H-beam.
The flanges of ordinary I-shaped steel and light I-shaped steel gradually become thinner from the root to the side, with a certain angle. Because of their relatively high and narrow cross-sectional dimensions, the moments of inertia of the two main sleeves of the cross-section are quite different. Therefore, they are generally only used for members that are bent in the plane of the web or form a lattice-type force member . Neither the axial compression members nor the members perpendicular to the plane of the web or curved members are used. This is a very limited application.
I-beam is widely used in various building structures, bridges, vehicles, supports, machinery, etc.
H-shaped steel
It is an economical cross-section steel with better cross-section mechanical properties developed from the optimization of I-shaped steel, especially the cross-section is named the same as the English letter "H". H-shaped steel is divided into wide flanged steel (HW), medium flanged H-shaped steel (HM), narrow flanged H-shaped steel (HN), thin-walled H-shaped steel (HT), H-shaped steel (HU).
H-beam is a new type of economic construction steel. H-section steel has a reasonable and economical cross-sectional shape, good mechanical properties, and the points on the cross-section during rolling are more uniform and less internal stress. Compared with ordinary I-beam, it has the advantages of large cross-section modulus, light weight, and metal saving, which can make the building The structure is reduced by 30-40%; because the legs are parallel to the inside and outside, and the legs are at right angles, they are assembled into a component, which can save 25% of the workload of welding and riveting. It is often used for the support and foundation pile in large buildings with large bearing capacity and good cross-section stability.
Advantages of H-beam
(1) The flange is wide and the lateral rigidity is large. Strong bending resistance. (2) The two surfaces of the flange are parallel to each other, making connection, processing and installation easy. (3) Compared with the welding of I-beam, it has low cost, high accuracy, and low residual stress. It does not require expensive welding materials and welding seam detection, and saves about 30% of the steel structure manufacturing cost. (4) Under the same section load. The weight of the hot-rolled H steel structure is 15% -20% lighter than that of the traditional steel structure. (5) Compared with the concrete (tong) structure, the hot-rolled H-steel structure can increase the area of use by 6%, while the structural weight is reduced by 20% to 30%, reducing the internal force of the structural design. (6) H-shaped steel can be processed into T-shaped steel, and honeycomb beams can be combined to form various cross-sectional forms, which greatly meets the needs of engineering design and production.
The difference between I-beam HW HM HN H-beam
The I-shaped steel flange is a thick cross-section near the web, and the outside is thin; the H-shaped steel flange is of equal cross-section, HW, HM, HN, H are the general name of H-shaped steel, H-shaped steel is welded; Rolling, HW is H-beam height and flange width are basically equal. It is mainly used for steel core column in reinforced concrete frame structure column, also known as stiff steel column; it is mainly used for column in steel structure.
HM is the ratio of H-shaped steel height to flange width is approximately 1.33 ~~ 1.75, mainly in steel structure: used as steel frame column in frame structure under dynamic load; for example: equipment platform.
HN is the ratio of H-shaped steel height to flange width greater than or equal to 2, mainly used for beams; the use of I-shaped steel is equivalent to HN-shaped steel;
1. Whether the I-shaped steel is ordinary or light, because the cross-sectional dimensions are relatively high and narrow, the moment of inertia of the two main sleeves of the cross-section differs greatly, so it can generally only be used directly on its web A member that is bent in a plane or constitutes a latticed member. It is not suitable for the axial compression member or the member perpendicular to the web plane or the bending member, which makes it very limited in the scope of application.
2. H-shaped steels are high-efficiency and economical cutting profiles (others include cold-formed thin-walled steels and profiled steel plates, etc.). Due to the reasonable cross-sectional shape, they can make steels more effective and improve the ability to cut. Different from the general I-shape, the flange of the h-shaped steel is widened, and the inner and outer surfaces are usually parallel, which can facilitate the connection of high-strength screw and other components. Its size constitutes a reasonable series, complete models, easy to design and choose.
3. The flanges of the h-shaped steel are all of equal thickness, with a rolled section, or a combined section composed of three plates welded. I-beams are all rolled sections. Due to poor production technology, the inner edge of the flange has a slope of 1:10. The rolling of H-beams is different from that of ordinary I-beams where only one set of horizontal rolls is used. Because of its wide flange and no slope (or very small slope), it is necessary to add a group of vertical rolls for simultaneous rolling, so The rolling process and equipment are more complicated than ordinary rolling mills. The maximum height of rolled h-section steel that can be produced in China is 800mm, which exceeds the welding cross section.
Square tube
The square tube is a light-weight thin-walled steel tube with a hollow square cross section, also known as a steel refrigeration bent profile. It is based on Q235 hot-rolled or cold-rolled strip or coil as the base material, formed by cold bending and then shaped by high-frequency welding. In addition to the thickening of the wall thickness of the hot-rolled extra-thick square tube, the corner size and the flatness of the edge reach or exceed the level of cold-formed square tube of resistance welding. Good comprehensive mechanical properties, good weldability, cold, hot workability and corrosion resistance, and good low temperature toughness.
Square tube performance
1. Plasticity Plasticity refers to the ability of a metal material to undergo plastic deformation (permanent deformation) without breaking under load.
2. Hardness Hardness is a measure of the hardness of metal materials. At present, the most commonly used method for determining the hardness in production is the indentation hardness method. It is to press the surface of the metal material under test under a certain load with a certain geometric shape indenter, and determine the hardness value according to the degree of indentation.
Commonly used methods are Brinell hardness (HB), Rockwell hardness (HRA, HRB, HRC) and Vickers hardness (HV).
3. Fatigue The strength, plasticity and hardness discussed above are all indicators of the mechanical properties of metals under static load. In fact, many machine parts work under cyclic load, under which conditions the parts will fatigue.
4. Impact toughness The load acting on the machine parts at a large speed is called impact load, and the ability of a metal to resist damage under impact load is called impact toughness.
5. Strength Strength refers to the resistance of metal materials to damage (excessive plastic deformation or fracture) under static load. Since the load acts in the form of stretching, compression, bending, shearing, etc., the strength is also divided into tensile strength, compressive strength, bending strength, shear strength, etc. There is often a certain relationship between various strengths. Generally, tensile strength is used as the most basic strength indicator in use.
The uses of square tubes include construction, machinery manufacturing, steel construction and other projects, shipbuilding, solar power support, steel structure engineering, electric power engineering, power plants, agricultural and chemical machinery, glass curtain walls, automobile chassis, airports, boiler construction, highway railings, House construction, pressure vessels, oil storage tanks, bridges, power station equipment, lifting and transportation machinery and other welded structural parts with higher load, etc.
Round tube
Steel that is open at both ends and has a hollow concentric cross-section with a length greater than that of the periphery. The specifications of the round tube are expressed by the external dimensions (such as outer diameter or side length) and inner diameter and wall thickness. Its size range is very wide, from a small diameter capillary to a large round steel pipe with a diameter of several meters.
Round tubes can be used in pipelines, thermal equipment, machinery industry, petroleum geological drilling, containers, chemical industry and special uses. The commonly used structural round steels are different according to the specifications and sizes. The small ones are used for decorative members, assembled roof truss, supporting members, grids and pipe truss, etc., the large ones can be used for heavy steel plant steel tube concrete steel columns, large stadium pipe truss, etc. Another main use is process piping, but generally has special materials and anti-corrosion requirements.